Türkiye’s technological journey reflects a rich history of continuous innovation, from the Ottoman Empire’s advancements in military technology and architecture to modern-day achievements. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’s 20th-century reforms, including the establishment of key institutions, played a crucial role in modernizing the country’s scientific and technological landscape. The mid-20th century emphasized industrialization and infrastructure development. Economic liberalization in the 1980s and 1990s fueled growth in the IT sector. Today, the National Technology Initiative drives Türkiye’s digital transformation, focusing on AI and cybersecurity, positioning the country as a global tech leader. This policy outlook explores how these historical and contemporary developments have shaped Türkiye’s progress.
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