Global economic governance is entering a period of structural adjustment. A significant challenge facing both advanced and emerging economies is the diminishing effectiveness of conventional economic policies. For one, monetary policy tightening is becoming increasingly difficult to implement, while the cost of fuelling growth through fiscal expansion is rising steeply. At the same time, the political feasibility of structural reform has narrowed.
Türkiye has operated under such constraints for longer than many advanced economies, some of which are only now beginning to face them. This has encouraged greater reliance on technological, institutional, and administrative mechanisms alongside conventional tools. This policy outlook examines Türkiye as an early adopter in a technology-driven global economic transition. It analyses how states may deploy technology as a functional extension of economic governance when traditional tools are considered insufficient. By situating Türkiye’s experience within a broader global shift, the outlook offers practical insights into the emerging playbook of states in constrained policy environments.
