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    Foreign Policy

    Algeria’s Role in Libya

    This policy outlook explores some of the critical elements driving Algeria’s foreign policy concerning the on-going conflict in Libya. This policy outlook explores some of...

    Doubling-Down on Haftar: Examining France’s Position in Libya

    This policy outlook explores France’s foreign policy in Libya, examining the mixture of strategic, geopolitical, economic, and ideological factors driving French interests in Libya. Libya’s...

    Turkey’s Evolving Engagement in Africa

    Turkey-Africa engagements have borne fruit and have led numerous partnerships based on political, economic, and development cooperation based on mutual interests. These engagements have...

    Russia and Turkey in Syria: The Geopolitical Nexus

    This paper provides an overview of Russia’s broad strategy; its capabilities within the contours of Russian-Turkish relationship. Over the last decade, Russia has emerged as...

    European Union Challenged: Russia and China in the Western Balkans

    This Policy Outlook examines the foreign policies of the European Union, Russia and China towards the Western Balkans, in particular, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,...

    Reconsidering Turkish Foreign Policy towards Sub-Saharan Africa: Rationale and Mechanisms

    In the last 15 years, Turkish engagements in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have increased, attracted wider international attention and become a phenomenon worthy of discussion. Turkish-African...

    The ‘Organized Hypocrisy’ of French Foreign Policy: The Military-Media Nexus

    Since 2013, France has enhanced its security cooperation with Egypt to unprecedented levels, including the sale of a wide range of military technologies, creating...

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